Background: Coronary angiography is a procedure that can be performed during cardiac catheterization to define the coronary anatomy and determine the extent of coronary artery stenosis in cases of coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiac catheterization is a versatile procedure, as it can be used in a number of conditions both as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. The use of a cheap, relatively common tool like an ultrasound machine to assist in vascular access might reduce the risks associated with blind access in such procedures. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and associated complications of ultrasound-guided coronary artery catheterization.
Methods: This systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and had been recorded in PROSPERO (CRD42022365518). A systematic search was performed for all published studies from without language or country restrictions and all study variables were extracted into prefilled sheets by two independent reviewers.
Results: This meta-analysis identified 10 RCTs. The results confirmed statistically significantly reductions of total complications (RR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.39 – 0.72, P <.001), and hematoma > 5 cm formation (RR=0.43, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.75, P=0.003) in patients who underwent ultrasound-guided coronary artery catheterization.
Conclusion: Ultrasound with catheterization, as opposed to landmark-based catheterization, significantly improved the peri-catheterization operative outcomes, providing evidence for further research to be conducted and consideration for its implementation within the medical setting.

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