Taulant Gishto
Medical University, AlbaniaPresentation Title:
The role of unconventional risk factors and non-invasive parameters in acute coronary syndrome: A comparative study
Abstract
Introduction: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains a major global health burden. While conventional risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes are well established, a growing subset of patients presents with ACS in their absence, highlighting the role of unconventional risk contributors.
Objective: To investigate the impact of unconventional risk factors on the cardiovascular profile of ACS patients using non-invasive measures such as EAT, PAT, and CIMT, and to assess the association with inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted on 300 ACS patients at University Hospital Centre “Mother Theresa” in Tirana, Albania, divided into two equal groups based on the presence or absence of unconventional risk factors. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected. EAT, PAT, and CIMT were measured via echocardiography and carotid Doppler. Comparative statistics and logistic regression were applied.
Results: The group with unconventional risk factors exhibited significantly higher mean CIMT (0.82 mm vs 0.67 mm, p<0.001), EAT (6.4 mm vs 4.9 mm, p<0.001), and PAT (5.1 mm vs 3.7 mm, p=0.002). Inflammatory markers (CRP, fibrinogen, WBC) and uric acid were also elevated. Rural residence, chronic stress, and sleep apnea emerged as independent predictors of worsened cardiovascular profile.
Additionally, multivariate analysis identified CIMT >0.8 mm and EAT >6 mm as strong predictors of multivessel coronary involvement (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.9–4.3), while elevated uric acid correlated with both increased inflammatory burden and carotid thickness.
Conclusion: Unconventional factors contribute significantly to coronary disease progression and are associated with structural vascular changes and inflammation. The integration of non-invasive parameters such as CIMT, EAT, and PAT significantly enhances cardiovascular risk stratification in ACS patients, particularly those lacking conventional risk factors.
Biography
Dr. Taulant Gishto is a Cardiologist and Lecturer of Physiology at the Medical University of Tirana, Albania. He has contributed to the training of future physicians through dynamic teaching and dedicated mentorship, while actively engaging in advanced clinical research. As a PhD candidate, Dr. Gishto is developing an innovative approach to cardiovascular risk assessment by integrating unconventional factors into clinical evaluation. His research aims to improve the early detection of acute coronary syndromes, particularly in patients without traditional risk profiles. He is widely recognized for bridging clinical practice with academic inquiry, advancing personalized cardiology and medical education in Albania.
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