Volodymyr Isaienko
N.M. Amosov National Institute of Cardio-Vascular surgery of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, UkrainePresentation Title:
Tactics of diagnostics and surgical treatment of rare heart tumors.
Abstract
Introduction: In cardiosurgical practice, the frequency of diagnosis of primary heart tumors (PHT), of which more than 80% are morphologically benign tumors, ranges from 0.09% to 1.9% of the total number of hospitalized patients.
The aim of the study: To determine of optimal diagnostic tactics and surgical treatment rare heart tumors.
Material and methods: In the N.M. Amosov National Institute of Cardio-Vascular surgery of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine for the period from January 1, 1969 to January 1, 2025, 1046 patients operated on for primary heart tumors. Cardiac myxomas (CM) were found in 935 (89.4%) patients, of which 824 (88.1%) cases were myxomas of the left atrium (LA). Myxomas of the right atrium (RA) were determined in 83 (8.9%).
Observations: The age of CM patients ranged from 3 to 79 years (on average 48.4 ± 3.4 years), of which 676 (72.4%) were aged 31 to 60 years. Non-myxoma benign tumors observed in 40 (3.8%) cases. Malignant tumors observed in 71 (6.8%) cases.
Results: 382 (36.3%) and 89 (8.5%) patients with PHT were assigned to III and IV functional classes according to the NYHA classification, respectively, which often required urgent surgical treatment. Hospital mortality in recent years was 0% in the surgical treatment of CM, that is, 559 operations performed without fatal consequences.
Conclusions: The issues of optimal tactics for patients with PHT consist of urgent diagnosis and surgical intervention, which ensures the effectiveness of treatment of PHT, which confirmed by the data of long-term results. There were 702 (78.3%) patients after removing CM in I functional class NYHA, in II functional class - 132 (14.8%) patients, respectively; patient survival up to 20 years was 79.7%.
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